KIM IL SUNG
REPORT TO THE SIXTH CONGRESS OF THE
WORKERS’ PARTY OF KOREA
ON THE WORK OF THE CENTRAL
COMMITTEE
October 10,
1980
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3. LET US
REUNIFY THE COUNTRY INDEPENDENTLY AND
PEACEFULLY
...
Based on the noble ideals and principles laid down in the July 4
North-South Joint Statement, and taking into consideration the actual situation
in our country in which different ideologies and social systems exist in north
and south, we must seek the shortest and surest way to national reunification
and make positive efforts to reunify the country.
Our Party considers that the most realistic and reasonable way to
reunify the country independently, peacefully and on the principle of great
national unity is to draw the north and the south together into a federal state,
leaving the ideas and social systems existing in the north and south as they
are.
For a long time, ever since liberation, different social systems
have existed and different ideas have prevailed in north and south. If, in these
circumstances, the country is to be reunified through national union, neither
side should regard its own ideology and social system as absolute. If the north
or the south should consider its own ideology and social system absolute or try
to force them on the other side, it will inevitably lead to confrontation and
conflict, and this will lead to the further aggravation of the state of
division. Since the entire people regard national reunification as the supreme
task, the differences in ideology and system should not be an insurmountable
barrier to reunification. People with different ideas can live in one country,
and different social systems can coexist in a unified country. We will never
force our ideas and social system upon south
Korea and will subordinate everything to the
interests of national union and reunification.
Our Party maintains that the country should be reunified by
founding a Federal Republic through the establishment of a unified national
government on the condition that the north and the south recognize and tolerate
each other’s ideas and social systems, a government in which the two sides are
represented on an equal footing and under which they exercise regional autonomy
with equal rights and duties.
It
will be reasonable if, in the unified state of a federal type, a supreme
national federal assembly is formed with an equal number of representatives from
the north and south
and an appropriate number of representatives of overseas nationals; this
assembly should also form a federal standing committee to guide the regional
governments of the north and south and to administer all the affairs of the
federal state.
As
the unified government of the federal state, the supreme national federal
assembly and the federal standing committee, its permanent organ, should discuss
and decide political affairs, matters of national defence, foreign affairs and
other matters of common concern related to the interests of the country and the
nation as a whole, fairly and in accordance with the desire for national unity,
cooperation and reunification; they should also promote the coordinated
development of the country and the nation and realize unity and cooperation
between the north and south in all spheres. The unified government of the
federal state should respect the two social systems, as well as the wishes of
the administrative organizations, every party, every group, and every section of
the people in the north and south and prevent one side from imposing its will on
the other.
Under the leadership of the federal government, the regional
governments in north and south should follow an independent policy within limits
that are consistent with the fundamental interests and demands of the whole
nation, and strive to narrow down the differences between north and south in all
spheres and to achieve the coordinated development of the country and the
nation.
It
would be a good idea to call the federal state the Democratic Federal Republic
of Koryo,
after a united state that once existed in our country and is well known to the
world; such a name will also serve to reflect the common political aspirations
of the north and south for democracy.
The
DFRK should be a neutral
country which does not join any political-military alliance or bloc. Since the
two parts of the country, north and south, with different ideas and social
systems are to be united to form a single federal state, it is necessary and
most reasonable for the DFRK to be a neutral state.
The
DFRK, as a united state
embracing the whole territory and all the people of our country, should pursue a
policy which accords with the fundamental interests and demands of the entire
Korean people.
Our Party deems it appropriate that the DFRK should put forward and carry out the following
policy:
First, the DFRK should adhere to Chajusong in all state activities
and pursue an independent policy.
Chajusong is the basic mark of an independent state; it is the
lifeblood of the country and the nation. Only when a state exercises sovereignty
with firm Chajusong in its activities can it uphold the dignity and honour of
the nation and ensure the development and prosperity of the country in keeping
with the desires of the people.
The
DFRK should be a fully
independent and sovereign state and a non-aligned nation which is not a
satellite of any other nation and does not depend on any foreign
forces.
The
DFRK should oppose all
forms of foreign interference and dependence on foreign forces, exercise
complete sovereignty in its internal and external activities and settle all
questions arising in state politics independently in keeping with the
fundamental interests of the Korean nation and the actual situation in our
country.
Second, the
DFRK should effect
democracy throughout the country and in all areas of society and promote great national
unity.
Democracy is a common political idea desirable for and acceptable
to people with differing thoughts and political views, and is a noble right due
to people from all walks of life as masters of the state and
society.
The
DFRK should develop a full
democratic social and political system which opposes dictatorship and
intelligence politics and firmly guarantees and defends the freedoms and rights
of the people.
The federal state should guarantee freedom to form political
parties and social organizations and their freedom of action, freedom of
religious belief, speech, the press, assembly and demonstration, and guarantee
the rights of the people in north and south to travel freely across the country
and to conduct political, economic and cultural activities freely in any
area.
The federal government should pursue a fair policy which will
guarantee equality between the interests of the two regions, two systems,
different parties, groups, classes and circles in the country without bias
towards either side. All the policies pursued by the federal government should
proceed from the principle of great national unity and contribute to the uniform
development and prosperity of the country through the strengthening of national
unity and cooperation.
The federal government should not question the past records of any
of the organizations or individuals in the north or the south that work for the
development of the unified state, but should join hands with them, and should
not allow any form of political reprisal or
persecution.
Third, the
DFRK should effect
economic cooperation and exchange between north and south and ensure the
development of an independent national economy.
In
the two parts of our country there is a wealth of natural resources that can
still be exploited and also the economic foundations that have been built in the
past. If, once the country is reunified, the north and the south develop their
natural resources jointly and use their existing economic foundations
effectively through cooperation and mutual assistance, our national economy
will be able to develop at a very rapid pace, and our people will all be able to
enjoy as good a life as any other people.
Economic cooperation and exchange between north and south should
be realized on the basis of recognizing the different economic systems and
diverse economic activities of enterprises in the two parts of the country. The
federal government should recognize and protect state, cooperative and private
property in the north and south as well as personal effects, and refrain from
restricting or encroaching upon the property of capitalists and their business
activities as long as they help develop the national economy and do not engage
in monopolist or comprador activities.
The federal state should ensure that the north and the south
jointly develop and exploit mineral, marine and other natural resources, and
further the division of labour
and promote trade extensively on the principles of cooperation and mutual
accommodation, while coordinating the economic activities of all production
units and enterprises in keeping with the interests of the various classes and
circles. It would be advisable for the authorities and enterprises in the north
and south to set up and operate joint companies, common markets and the like
rationally.
The federal state should, through extensive cooperation and
exchange between the two parts of the country, develop the economies of the
north and south to make them an organically interlinked independent national
economy.
Fourth, the
DFRK should realize
north-south exchange and cooperation in the spheres of science, culture and
education and ensure the uniform progress of the country’s science and
technology, national culture and arts, and national
education.
Our people have time-honoured, glorious cultural traditions. Resourceful
and talented, our nation has, since olden times, admirably developed science,
technology, culture and arts. Since liberation, large numbers of able scientists
and technicians, as well as talented cultural workers and artists, have grown up
in the northern and southern parts of our country. If they pool their efforts and talents through exchange and
cooperation, our science and technology, national culture and arts will flourish
even more brilliantly.
The federal state should ensure that scientists and technicians in
the north and south undertake scientific research jointly and exchange their
experience and achievements on a wide scale so that science and technology in
our country develop rapidly.
The federal state should actively encourage exchange and
cooperation between artists and sportsmen from the north and south and ensure
that the scientists in the two halves together uncover and protect the cultural
heritage of our nation and that they study and develop our unique written and
spoken language. If this is done, our national culture and arts will flourish to
the full and the unique characteristics of our people as a homogeneous nation
will be preserved.
Education is a very important undertaking which decides the fate
of the nation. The federal government should train large numbers of able
technical experts and steadily raise the cultural and intellectual levels of the
entire people by developing a popular education system and giving active state
and social support to educational work.
Fifth, the
DFRK should reopen
transport and communications links between the north and south and ensure the
free use of the means of transport and communications all across the
country.
Transport and communications represent the arteries and nervous
system of the country. Because the territory has been divided in two and
transport and communications have been severed, our people cannot see or hear
from their families and relatives, although they live within easy reach. This is
a tragedy. Restoring transport and communications links between the north and
south is the only way to end the national tragedy and realize full political,
economic and cultural exchange and cooperation.
The federal state should restore the railways and roads linking
the north and the south and open shipping and air routes to ensure free travel
by land, sea and air between the two halves of the country. In addition, steps
should be taken to open telegraph and telephone services as well as an
unrestricted postal service covering all areas of the north and the
south.
The federal government should ensure that the north and the south
jointly use the transport system and the telegraph facilities and postal
services and, in addition, gradually move towards running them jointly so that
in the future one transport and communications system will exist across the whole
country.
Sixth, the
DFRK should ensure a
stable livelihood for the entire people including the workers, peasants and
other working masses and promote their welfare
systematically.
The working masses are the masters of the state and society and
the creators of all material wealth. Guaranteeing a stable life for the working
people and steadily promoting their well-being should be the most important
principle in the activities of a democratic state which serves the people, and
this is also a duty to the nation devolving on the unified
government.
In
all its activities the federal state should give priority to stabilizing the
lives of the people from all social strata including the workers, peasants and
other sections of the working people and to promoting their welfare. It should
ensure a decent life for everyone by guaranteeing adequate living conditions
for the entire working people with regard to food, clothing and shelter and by
raising the living standards of the poor to those of the middle
class.
The federal state should provide work for all able-bodied people,
ensure adequate conditions for work and rest and introduce a wage system, a
price policy and an equitable tax system so as to guarantee a stable livelihood
for the working people. Steps should be taken for different enterprises,
including small and medium-sized ones, to conduct production activities on a
normal basis in order to ensure the working people’s livelihood and, in
particular, the state should give active support to the poor peasants and
fishermen, small merchants and handicraftsmen in their
work.
The federal state should pay close attention to the education of
the working people and the improvement of health services for them and adopt
adequate measures to this end, so that all working people and their families can
receive an education and medical treatment.
Seventh, the
DFRK should remove the
state of military confrontation between the north and south and form a combined
national army to defend the nation against
invasion.
Military confrontation between the huge armed forces of the north
and south gives rise to misunderstanding, mistrust and discord and is a threat
to peace.
The federal state should reduce the military strength of the two
sides to 100,000-150,000 men each in order to end the state of military
confrontation between north and south and bring fratricidal strife to an end
once and for all. At the same time, it is essential to abolish the Military
Demarcation Line between north and
south, dismantle all military installations in its vicinity, dissolve militia
organizations in both halves of the country and prohibit the military training
of civilians.
The federal state should amalgamate the Korean People’s Army and
the “National Army” of south
Korea and form a single combined national army.
As the national army of the unified state independent of either
side, north or south,
the combined national army should undertake the duty of national defence under
the unified leadership of the federal government. All costs incurred in
maintaining the combined national army and in defending the country should be
borne jointly by the north and the south.
Eighth, the
DFRK should defend and
protect the national rights and interests of all overseas
Koreans.
Many of our Korean compatriots are living abroad. As their
motherland, the
DFRK should assume the
responsibility and duty of defending and protecting their national rights and
interests.
The
DFRK should make vigorous
efforts to enable all Korean nationals living abroad to enjoy their
internationally accepted legal rights and liberties, and give them strong
support and encouragement in their struggle for democratic national
rights.
The federal government should guarantee the rights of all our
overseas compatriots to travel freely to their motherland and to return home and
live and act freely at a place of residence of their
choice.
Ninth, the
DFRK should deal properly
with the foreign relations established by the north and the south prior to
reunification, and should coordinate the foreign activities of the two regional
governments in a unified manner.
It
is only when the foreign relations built up by the north and the south prior to
national reunification are conducted in the right manner that it will be
possible to ensure both the interests of the nation as a whole and the interests
of the two halves of the country within the framework of the unified state and
to enable the federal state to develop friendly relations with the various
countries of the world on an equitable footing. Furthermore, in view of the fact
that even after reunification the north and the south will maintain separate
foreign relations with other nations on a limited scale, the federal government
will need to coordinate the foreign activities of the two regional governments
properly in a unified manner.
The
DFRK should repeal all the
treaties and agreements with other countries that are detrimental to national
unity, including military treaties concluded separately by the north and the
south prior to reunification. Of the foreign relations established by the north
and the south, those relations, economic relations included, that do not run
counter to the common interests of the nation should be
maintained.
The federal state should permit the north and the south to
cooperate economically with other countries irrespective of the social system of
the country involved. It should leave intact the capital invested by other
nations in south Korea
prior to the reunification of the country and continue to guarantee the
concessions of these countries.
The DFRK should permit the governments of the two halves of the
country to establish bilateral relations with other countries. The federal state
will have to coordinate the foreign relations of the north and the south
properly to make sure that the two regional governments act consistently with
each other in their foreign activities.
Tenth, the
DFRK should, as a unified
state representing the whole nation, develop friendly relations with all the
countries of the world and pursue a peaceful foreign
policy.
The
DFRK should be the only
representative of the entire Korean nation in its foreign relations. The federal
state should represent the entire Korean nation at the United Nations and in
other international organizations and must send a single delegation to all
international gatherings where the whole nation is to be
represented.
The
DFRK should adhere to the
line of neutrality, follow the policy of non-alignment and develop friendly
relations with all nations on the principles of Chajusong, noninterference in
internal affairs, equality, mutual benefit and peaceful coexistence. In
particular, it should actively develop neighbourly relations with the countries surrounding
ours.
The
DFRK should be a
peace-loving nation and pursue a peaceful foreign policy. A unified
Korea will not threaten aggression
against the countries neighbouring ours or any other nations of the world and will not be a party to
or cooperate in any international act of aggression. The federal state should
make the Korean peninsula a permanent peace zone and nuclear-free zone. To this
end, it should ban the presence of foreign troops and foreign military bases on
its territory and prohibit the manufacture, introduction and use of nuclear
weapons.
The ten-point policy for the DFRK
accurately reflects the common aspirations and demands of the entire Korean
nation and illuminates the road ahead for a unified Korea.
The plan for national reunification and the ten-point political
programme
for the unified state proposed by our Party on this occasion will win the active
support and approval of all the Korean people and will be warmly welcomed by the
people of the world.
Our Party will make every effort to put the new plan for national
reunification into effect as soon as possible and so satisfy the ardent desires
of our 50 million brethren to live happily in a unified
homeland.
In
order to found a Federal Republic and achieve national reunification as proposed
by our Party, all Korean nationals, in the north and south and abroad, should
fight, rallied closely together to form a great national united front under the
banner of national reunification, regardless of any differences in ideology,
social system, party affiliation or political
views.
The road ahead of our Party and people in their struggle for the
country’s independent and peaceful reunification is still beset with many
difficulties and obstacles. But we will, without fail, overcome them and
ultimately accomplish the historic cause of national reunification through the
united efforts of the whole nation.
When the
DFRK is founded and the
country is reunified through the unity of the whole nation and cooperation
between the north and south, our country will be able to make its appearance in
the world arena with great dignity and authority as an independent and sovereign
state with a population of 50 million, brilliant national culture and a strong
national economy, and an ever-prosperous people’s paradise will have been
established in our land of three thousand ri.
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