KIM IL
SUNG
REPORT TO THE SIXTH CONGRESS OF
THE WORKERS’ PARTY OF KOREA
ON THE WORK OF THE CENTRAL
COMMITTEE
October 10, 1980
...
3.
LET US REUNIFY THE
COUNTRY INDEPENDENTLY AND
PEACEFULLY
...
Based on the noble
ideals and principles laid down in the July
4 North-South Joint Statement, and taking
into consideration the actual situation in
our country in which different ideologies
and social systems exist in north and south,
we must seek the shortest and surest way to
national reunification and make positive
efforts to reunify the country.
Our Party considers
that the most realistic and reasonable way
to reunify the country independently,
peacefully and on the principle of great
national unity is to draw the north and the
south together into a federal state, leaving
the ideas and social systems existing in the
north and south as they are.
For a long time, ever
since liberation, different social systems
have existed and different ideas have
prevailed in north and south. If, in these
circumstances, the country is to be
reunified through national union, neither
side should regard its own ideology and
social system as absolute. If the north or
the south should consider its own ideology
and social system absolute or try to force
them on the other side, it will inevitably
lead to confrontation and conflict, and this
will lead to the further aggravation of the
state of division. Since the entire people
regard national reunification as the
supreme task, the differences in ideology
and system should not be an insurmountable
barrier to reunification. People with
different ideas can live in one country, and
different social systems can coexist in a
unified country. We will never force our
ideas and social system upon south Korea
and will subordinate everything to the
interests of national union and
reunification.
Our Party maintains
that the country should be reunified by
founding a Federal Republic through the
establishment of a unified national
government on the condition that the north
and the south recognize and tolerate each
other’s ideas and social systems, a
government in which the two sides are
represented on an equal footing and under
which they exercise regional autonomy with
equal rights and duties.
It will be reasonable
if, in the unified state of a federal type,
a supreme national federal assembly is
formed with an equal number of
representatives from the north and south and
an appropriate number of representatives of
overseas nationals; this assembly should
also form a federal standing committee to
guide the regional governments of the north
and south and to administer all the affairs
of the federal state.
As the unified
government of the federal state, the supreme
national federal assembly and the federal
standing committee, its permanent organ,
should discuss and decide political affairs,
matters of national defence, foreign affairs
and other matters of common concern related
to the interests of the country and the
nation as a whole, fairly and in accordance
with the desire for national unity,
cooperation and reunification; they should
also promote the coordinated development of
the country and the nation and realize unity
and cooperation between the north and south
in all spheres. The unified government of
the federal state should respect the two
social systems, as well as the wishes of the
administrative organizations, every party,
every group, and every section of the people
in the north and south and prevent one side
from imposing its will on the other.
Under the leadership
of the federal government, the regional
governments in north and south should follow
an independent policy within limits that are
consistent with the fundamental interests
and demands of the whole nation, and strive
to narrow down the differences between north
and south in all spheres and to achieve the
coordinated development of the country and
the nation.
It would be a good
idea to call the federal state the
Democratic Federal Republic of Koryo, after
a united state that once existed in our
country and is well known to the world; such
a name will also serve to reflect the common
political aspirations of the north and south
for democracy.
The DFRK should be a
neutral country which does not join any
political-military alliance or bloc. Since
the two parts of the country, north and
south, with different ideas and social
systems are to be united to form a single
federal state, it is necessary and most
reasonable for the DFRK to be a neutral
state.
The DFRK, as a united
state embracing the whole territory and all
the people of our country, should pursue a
policy which accords with the fundamental
interests and demands of the entire Korean
people.
Our Party deems it
appropriate that the DFRK should put forward
and carry out the following policy:
First,
the DFRK should adhere to Chajusong in all
state activities and pursue an independent
policy.
Chajusong is the
basic mark of an independent state; it is
the lifeblood of the country and the nation.
Only when a state exercises sovereignty with
firm Chajusong in its activities can it
uphold the dignity and honour of the nation
and ensure the development and prosperity of
the country in keeping with the desires of
the people.
The DFRK should be a
fully independent and sovereign state and a
non-aligned nation which is not a satellite
of any other nation and does not depend on
any foreign forces.
The DFRK should
oppose all forms of foreign interference and
dependence on foreign forces, exercise
complete sovereignty in its internal and
external activities and settle all questions
arising in state politics independently in
keeping with the fundamental interests of
the Korean nation and the actual situation
in our country.
Second, the DFRK
should effect democracy throughout the
country and in all areas of society and
promote great national unity.
Democracy is a common
political idea desirable for and acceptable
to people with differing thoughts and
political views, and is a noble right due to
people from all walks of life as masters of
the state and society.
The DFRK should
develop a full democratic social and
political system which opposes dictatorship
and intelligence politics and firmly
guarantees and defends the freedoms and
rights of the people.
The federal state
should guarantee freedom to form political
parties and social organizations and their
freedom of action, freedom of religious
belief, speech, the press, assembly and
demonstration, and guarantee the rights of
the people in north and south to travel
freely across the country and to conduct
political, economic and cultural activities
freely in any area.
The federal
government should pursue a fair policy which
will guarantee equality between the
interests of the two regions, two systems,
different parties, groups, classes and
circles in the country without bias towards
either side. All the policies pursued by the
federal government should proceed from the
principle of great national unity and
contribute to the uniform development and
prosperity of the country through the
strengthening of national unity and
cooperation.
The federal
government should not question the past
records of any of the organizations or
individuals in the north or the south that
work for the development of the unified
state, but should join hands with them, and
should not allow any form of political
reprisal or persecution.
Third, the DFRK
should effect economic cooperation and
exchange between north and south and ensure
the development of an independent national
economy.
In the two parts of
our country there is a wealth of natural
resources that can still be exploited and
also the economic foundations that have been
built in the past. If, once the country is
reunified, the north and the south develop
their natural resources jointly and use
their existing economic foundations
effectively through cooperation and mutual
assistance, our national economy will be
able to develop at a very rapid pace, and
our people will all be able to enjoy as good
a life as any other people.
Economic cooperation
and exchange between north and south should
be realized on the basis of recognizing the
different economic systems and diverse
economic activities of enterprises in the
two parts of the country. The federal
government should recognize and protect
state, cooperative and private property in
the north and south as well as personal
effects, and refrain from restricting or
encroaching upon the property of capitalists
and their business activities as long as
they help develop the national economy and
do not engage in monopolist or comprador
activities.
The
federal state should ensure that the north
and the south jointly develop and exploit
mineral, marine and other natural resources,
and further the division of labour and
promote trade extensively on the principles
of cooperation and mutual accommodation,
while coordinating the economic activities
of all production units and enterprises in
keeping with the interests of the various
classes and circles. It would be advisable
for the authorities and enterprises in the
north and south to set up and operate joint
companies, common markets and the like
rationally.
The federal state
should, through extensive cooperation and
exchange between the two parts of the
country, develop the economies of the north
and south to make them an organically
interlinked independent national economy.
Fourth, the DFRK
should realize north-south exchange and
cooperation in the spheres of science,
culture and education and ensure the uniform
progress of the country’s science and
technology, national culture and arts, and
national education.
Our people have
time-honoured, glorious cultural traditions.
Resourceful and talented, our nation has,
since olden times, admirably developed
science, technology, culture and arts. Since
liberation, large numbers of able scientists
and technicians, as well as talented
cultural workers and artists, have grown up
in the northern and southern parts of our
country. If they pool their efforts and
talents through exchange and cooperation,
our science and technology, national culture
and arts will flourish even more
brilliantly.
The federal state
should ensure that scientists and
technicians in the north and south undertake
scientific research jointly and exchange
their experience and achievements on a wide
scale so that science and technology in our
country develop rapidly.
The federal state
should actively encourage exchange and
cooperation between artists and sportsmen
from the north and south and ensure that the
scientists in the two halves together
uncover and protect the cultural heritage of
our nation and that they study and develop
our unique written and spoken language. If
this is done, our national culture and arts
will flourish to the full and the unique
characteristics of our people as a
homogeneous nation will be preserved.
Education is a very
important undertaking which decides the fate
of the nation. The federal government should
train large numbers of able technical
experts and steadily raise the cultural and
intellectual levels of the entire people by
developing a popular education system and
giving active state and social support to
educational work.
Fifth, the DFRK
should reopen transport and communications
links between the north and south and ensure
the free use of the means of transport and
communications all across the country.
Transport and
communications represent the arteries and
nervous system of the country. Because the
territory has been divided in two and
transport and communications have been
severed, our people cannot see or hear from
their families and relatives, although they
live within easy reach. This is a tragedy.
Restoring transport and communications links
between the north and south is the only way
to end the national tragedy and realize full
political, economic and cultural exchange
and cooperation.
The federal state
should restore the railways and roads
linking the north and the south and open
shipping and air routes to ensure free
travel by land, sea and air between the two
halves of the country. In addition, steps
should be taken to open telegraph and
telephone services as well as an
unrestricted postal service covering all
areas of the north and the south.
The federal
government should ensure that the north and
the south jointly use the transport system
and the telegraph facilities and postal
services and, in addition, gradually move
towards running them jointly so that in the
future one transport and communications
system will exist across the whole country.
Sixth, the DFRK
should ensure a stable livelihood for the
entire people including the workers,
peasants and other working masses and
promote their welfare systematically.
The working masses
are the masters of the state and society and
the creators of all material wealth.
Guaranteeing a stable life for the working
people and steadily promoting their
well-being should be the most important
principle in the activities of a democratic
state which serves the people, and this is
also a duty to the nation devolving on the
unified government.
In all its activities
the federal state should give priority to
stabilizing the lives of the people from
all social strata including the workers,
peasants and other sections of the working
people and to promoting their welfare. It
should ensure a decent life for everyone by
guaranteeing adequate living conditions for
the entire working people with regard to
food, clothing and shelter and by raising
the living standards of the poor to those of
the middle class.
The federal state
should provide work for all able-bodied
people, ensure adequate conditions for work
and rest and introduce a wage system, a
price policy and an equitable tax system so
as to guarantee a stable livelihood for the
working people. Steps should be taken for
different enterprises, including small and
medium-sized ones, to conduct production
activities on a normal basis in order to
ensure the working people’s livelihood and,
in particular, the state should give active
support to the poor peasants and fishermen,
small merchants and handicraftsmen in their
work.
The federal state
should pay close attention to the education
of the working people and the improvement of
health services for them and adopt adequate
measures to this end, so that all working
people and their families can receive an
education and medical treatment.
Seventh, the DFRK
should remove the state of military
confrontation between the north and south
and form a combined national army to defend
the nation against invasion.
Military
confrontation between the huge armed forces
of the north and south gives rise to
misunderstanding, mistrust and discord and
is a threat to peace.
The federal state
should reduce the military strength of the
two sides to 100,000-150,000 men each in
order to end the state of military
confrontation between north and south and
bring fratricidal strife to an end once and
for all. At the same time, it is essential
to abolish the Military Demarcation Line
between north and south, dismantle all
military installations in its vicinity,
dissolve militia organizations in both
halves of the country and prohibit the
military training of civilians.
The federal state
should amalgamate the Korean People’s Army
and the “National Army” of south
Korea
and form a single combined national army. As
the national army of the unified state
independent of either side, north or south,
the combined national army should undertake
the duty of national defence under the
unified leadership of the federal
government. All costs incurred in
maintaining the combined national army and
in defending the country should be borne
jointly by the north and the south.
Eighth, the DFRK
should defend and protect the national
rights and interests of all overseas
Koreans.
Many of our Korean
compatriots are living abroad. As their
motherland, the DFRK should assume the
responsibility and duty of defending and
protecting their national rights and
interests.
The DFRK should make
vigorous efforts to enable all Korean
nationals living abroad to enjoy their
internationally accepted legal rights and
liberties, and give them strong support and
encouragement in their struggle for
democratic national rights.
The federal
government should guarantee the rights of
all our overseas compatriots to travel
freely to their motherland and to return
home and live and act freely at a place of
residence of their choice.
Ninth, the DFRK
should deal properly with the foreign
relations established by the north and the
south prior to reunification, and should
coordinate the foreign activities of the two
regional governments in a unified manner.
It is only when the
foreign relations built up by the north and
the south prior to national reunification
are conducted in the right manner that it
will be possible to ensure both the
interests of the nation as a whole and the
interests of the two halves of the country
within the framework of the unified state
and to enable the federal state to develop
friendly relations with the various
countries of the world on an equitable
footing. Furthermore, in view of the fact
that even after reunification the north and
the south will maintain separate foreign
relations with other nations on a limited
scale, the federal government will need to
coordinate the foreign activities of the two
regional governments properly in a unified
manner.
The DFRK should
repeal all the treaties and agreements with
other countries that are detrimental to
national unity, including military treaties
concluded separately by the north and the
south prior to reunification. Of the foreign
relations established by the north and the
south, those relations, economic relations
included, that do not run counter to the
common interests of the nation should be
maintained.
The federal state
should permit the north and the south to
cooperate economically with other countries
irrespective of the social system of the
country involved. It should leave intact the
capital invested by other nations in south Korea
prior to the reunification of the country
and continue to guarantee the concessions of
these countries.
The
DFRK should permit the governments of the
two halves of the country to establish
bilateral relations with other countries.
The federal state will have to coordinate
the foreign relations of the north and the
south properly to make sure that the two
regional governments act consistently with
each other in their foreign activities.
Tenth, the DFRK
should, as a unified state representing the
whole nation, develop friendly relations
with all the countries of the world and
pursue a peaceful foreign policy.
The DFRK should be
the only representative of the entire Korean
nation in its foreign relations. The federal
state should represent the entire Korean
nation at the United Nations and in other
international organizations and must send a
single delegation to all international
gatherings where the whole nation is to be
represented.
The DFRK should
adhere to the line of neutrality, follow the
policy of non-alignment and develop friendly
relations with all nations on the principles
of Chajusong, noninterference in internal
affairs, equality, mutual benefit and
peaceful coexistence. In particular, it
should actively develop neighbourly
relations with the countries surrounding
ours.
The DFRK should be a
peace-loving nation and pursue a peaceful
foreign policy. A unified Korea
will not threaten aggression against the
countries neighbouring ours or any other
nations of the world and will not be a party
to or cooperate in any international act of
aggression. The federal state should make
the Korean peninsula a permanent peace zone
and nuclear-free zone. To this end, it
should ban the presence of foreign troops
and foreign military bases on its territory
and prohibit the manufacture, introduction
and use of nuclear weapons.
The ten-point policy
for the DFRK accurately reflects the common
aspirations and demands of the entire Korean
nation and illuminates the road ahead for a
unified Korea.
The plan for national
reunification and the ten-point political
programme for the unified state proposed by
our Party on this occasion will win the
active support and approval of all the
Korean people and will be warmly welcomed by
the people of the world.
Our Party will make
every effort to put the new plan for
national reunification into effect as soon
as possible and so satisfy the ardent
desires of our 50 million brethren to live
happily in a unified homeland.
In order to found a
Federal Republic and achieve national
reunification as proposed by our Party, all
Korean nationals, in the north and south and
abroad, should fight, rallied closely
together to form a great national united
front under the banner of national
reunification, regardless of any
differences in ideology, social system,
party affiliation or political views.
The road ahead of our
Party and people in their struggle for the
country’s independent and peaceful
reunification is still beset with many
difficulties and obstacles. But we will,
without fail, overcome them and ultimately
accomplish the historic cause of national
reunification through the united efforts of
the whole nation.
When the DFRK is
founded and the country is reunified through
the unity of the whole nation and
cooperation between the north and south, our
country will be able to make its appearance
in the world arena with great dignity and
authority as an independent and sovereign
state with a population of 50 million,
brilliant national culture and a strong
national economy, and an ever-prosperous
people’s paradise will have been established
in our land of three thousand ri.